HGH, produced by the pituitary gland, controls muscle and bone growth and lowers the amount of fat in the body
The major role of HGH is to stimulate the liver and other tissues to secrete IGF-I. IGF-I stimulates the proliferation of chondrocytes (cartilage cells), resulting in bone growth. IGF-I also appears to be the key player in muscle growth. It stimulates both the differentiation and proliferation of myoblasts. It also stimulates amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in muscle and other tissues.
In addition, HGH has important consequences for protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. In some cases, a direct effect of growth hormone has been clearly demonstrated, in others, IGF-I is thought to be the critical mediator, and in some cases it appears that both direct and indirect effects are at play.
Growth hormone production is modulated by many factors, including stress, exercise, nutrition, sleep and growth hormone itself. However, its primary controllers are two hypothalamic hormones and one hormone from the stomach.
HGH levels dramatically decline with age. By the age of 60 most people will have approximately 80% less growth hormone in their system than when they were 20. Signs of GH reduction include increased body fat, increased anxiety, social isolation, poor general health, and lack of positive well being.
In 1988 Dr. Daniel Rudman discovered that when HGH was administered to his elderly patients, within several weeks they all noticed significant improvement. The benefits included a general feeling of enhanced well being, a reduction in feelings of depression, a decline in fat cells, an increase in lean muscle mass and, after a few months, increased skin thickness and elasticity.
Another important benefit from growth hormone replacement is strengthening of the immune system. Infections decrease, recovery from illness is aided, allergies improve and immune related diseases such as arthritis become less bothersome. The immune system is an important defense against cancer and it seems logical that cancer might, to some extent, be prevented by growth hormone. Although it has been speculated that growth hormone might speed the growth of cancer, that has not been seen in clinical practice. In fact, improved immunity might logically be expected to reduce the risk of malignancy and speed healing from a treated cancer.
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